JPH0479683B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0479683B2 JPH0479683B2 JP59205329A JP20532984A JPH0479683B2 JP H0479683 B2 JPH0479683 B2 JP H0479683B2 JP 59205329 A JP59205329 A JP 59205329A JP 20532984 A JP20532984 A JP 20532984A JP H0479683 B2 JPH0479683 B2 JP H0479683B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid film
- liquid
- fibers
- treatment
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VJXRKZJMGVSXPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylpyridine Chemical compound CCC1=CC=NC=C1 VJXRKZJMGVSXPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- HWWYDZCSSYKIAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CN=CC(C)=C1 HWWYDZCSSYKIAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC=C1 FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- NUKYPUAOHBNCPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminopyridine Chemical compound NC1=CC=NC=C1 NUKYPUAOHBNCPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960004979 fampridine Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 29
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=N1 OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- HMTSWYPNXFHGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methylphenyl)methanamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 HMTSWYPNXFHGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFIFWHZGMOGXDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[(2-aminophenyl)methylideneamino]ethyliminomethyl]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1C=NCCN=CC1=CC=CC=C1N ZFIFWHZGMOGXDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEUMANXWQDHAJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]ethyliminomethyl]phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=NCCN=CC1=CC=CC=C1O VEUMANXWQDHAJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=NC=C1 KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJOWMORERYNYON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenyl-2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=N1 VJOWMORERYNYON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHVYPIQETPWLSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-pyrrolidine Natural products CN1CC=CC1 AHVYPIQETPWLSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylpyridine Natural products CC1=CC=CN=C1C HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- URXNVXOMQQCBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 URXNVXOMQQCBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004040 pyrrolidinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0086—Mechanical after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/38—Liquid-membrane separation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0088—Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/125—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction
- B01D69/127—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction using electrical discharge or plasma-polymerisation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59205329A JPS6182806A (ja) | 1984-09-28 | 1984-09-28 | 液体膜 |
| CA000491386A CA1286865C (en) | 1984-09-28 | 1985-09-24 | Porous liquid polytetrafluoroethylene membrane with hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces |
| EP85112299A EP0176986B1 (en) | 1984-09-28 | 1985-09-27 | Liquid membrane |
| DE8585112299T DE3583720D1 (de) | 1984-09-28 | 1985-09-27 | Fluessigmembran. |
| US06/781,602 US4734112A (en) | 1984-09-28 | 1985-09-30 | Liquid membrane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59205329A JPS6182806A (ja) | 1984-09-28 | 1984-09-28 | 液体膜 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6182806A JPS6182806A (ja) | 1986-04-26 |
| JPH0479683B2 true JPH0479683B2 (en]) | 1992-12-16 |
Family
ID=16505120
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59205329A Granted JPS6182806A (ja) | 1984-09-28 | 1984-09-28 | 液体膜 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4734112A (en]) |
| EP (1) | EP0176986B1 (en]) |
| JP (1) | JPS6182806A (en]) |
| CA (1) | CA1286865C (en]) |
| DE (1) | DE3583720D1 (en]) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4824443A (en) * | 1986-12-30 | 1989-04-25 | Bend Research, Inc. | Gas separation by composite solvent-swollen membranes |
| DE3871462D1 (de) * | 1987-08-22 | 1992-07-02 | Agency Ind Science Techn | Membran zur gastrennung. |
| JPH04122412A (ja) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-04-22 | Hitachi Ltd | 酸素の溶解方法及び酸素溶解装置 |
| CA2092029C (en) * | 1992-03-20 | 1999-08-10 | Sa Van Ho | Extracting organic compounds from aqueous solutions |
| US5507949A (en) * | 1992-03-20 | 1996-04-16 | Monsanto Company | Supported liquid membrane and separation process employing same |
| DE4243995C2 (de) * | 1992-12-23 | 1996-07-25 | Gore W L & Ass Gmbh | Permanente hydrophile Modifizierung für Fluorpolymere und Verfahren zur Erzeugung der Modifizierung |
| US6126723A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 2000-10-03 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Microcomponent assembly for efficient contacting of fluid |
| US6780497B1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2004-08-24 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Surface modified expanded polytetrafluoroethylene devices and methods of producing the same |
| SE515567C2 (sv) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-08-27 | Esy Tech Ab | Vätske-vätskeextraktion och direkt överföring av analyten till gaskromatografiapparat |
| US6579343B2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2003-06-17 | University Of Notre Dame Du Lac | Purification of gas with liquid ionic compounds |
| EP2060315A3 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2009-08-12 | DSMIP Assets B.V. | High performance membrane |
| WO2012141831A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2012-10-18 | Millipore Corporation | Devices and methods for infrared (ir) based quantitation of biomolecules |
| WO2013080994A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-06 | 株式会社ルネッサンス・エナジー・リサーチ | 促進輸送膜の製造方法 |
| JP6186286B2 (ja) * | 2014-01-16 | 2017-08-23 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 酸性ガス分離用積層体の製造方法、酸性ガス分離用積層体および酸性ガス分離モジュール |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3657113A (en) * | 1970-02-03 | 1972-04-18 | Mobil Oil Corp | Separating fluids with selective membranes |
| US3957504A (en) * | 1974-11-11 | 1976-05-18 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Membrane hydro-metallurgical extraction process |
| JPS5254688A (en) * | 1975-10-30 | 1977-05-04 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Method of producing semipermeable memebrane |
| US4199448A (en) * | 1976-06-09 | 1980-04-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Reverse osmosis membrane of high urea rejection properties |
| US4230463A (en) * | 1977-09-13 | 1980-10-28 | Monsanto Company | Multicomponent membranes for gas separations |
| JPS5814453B2 (ja) * | 1979-07-16 | 1983-03-19 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | プラスチツク成形品の表面処理方法 |
| US4542010A (en) * | 1982-06-30 | 1985-09-17 | Bend Research, Inc. | Method and apparatus for producing oxygen and nitrogen and membrane therefor |
-
1984
- 1984-09-28 JP JP59205329A patent/JPS6182806A/ja active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-09-24 CA CA000491386A patent/CA1286865C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-09-27 EP EP85112299A patent/EP0176986B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-09-27 DE DE8585112299T patent/DE3583720D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-09-30 US US06/781,602 patent/US4734112A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4734112A (en) | 1988-03-29 |
| EP0176986B1 (en) | 1991-08-07 |
| JPS6182806A (ja) | 1986-04-26 |
| CA1286865C (en) | 1991-07-30 |
| EP0176986A3 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
| DE3583720D1 (de) | 1991-09-12 |
| EP0176986A2 (en) | 1986-04-09 |
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